Geostationary Orbit lies on the same plane as the equator where as geosynchronous Orbit has a different inclination; Meghalayan age The tree is not only responsible for increasing vegetation cover but also plays a role in sustenance of livelihood through generation of economic activities, employment, option for fodder to their livestock, raw materials for handicraft, and many more. It is commonly used to remove noble metals such as gold, platinum and palladium from substrates. E Books. In fact, most grasslands are located between forests and deserts. Space Application Centre (SAC) ISRO, Ahmedabad. 44301. on Remote sensing for Sustainable development, pp. According to the village stakeholders, though this is being managed quite well, the benefits do not reach them, which is a cause for concern. National Agriculture Research Project, North-west Agroclimatic Zone, Gujarat Agricultural University, Sardar Krushinagar. These grasslands are found on the fertile river plains of the Indo-Gangetic plain, Brahmaputra plain and rivers of central India like Narmada, Cauveri, Krishna, etc. Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology (GUIDE) and Gujarat State Forest Department (GSFD), Kachchh Circle, Bhuj-Kachchh with the support of Gujarat Forest and Environment Department. The grasslands of Kachchh were demarcated into two important grassland regions, one of which forms the Banni grasslands, extending to a total of 2, 59,672.80 ha, covering 27.06 per cent of the total area of Kachchh. km. ‘Grasslands of Kachchh', in State of Environment of Kachchh (SoEK), eds. For any queries, comments, or feedback, please contact Sahapedia at, Maldharis, the Silvipastoralists of the Banni Grasslands, Evaluation of the Land Pattern of the Banni Grasslands using a Geoinformatics Approach, Conservation of Banni Grasslands, Kachchh, The Maldhari Touch to Kutchi Performing Arts. The introduction of Prosopis juliflora by the Gujarat State Forest Department in the northern fringes of Banni to check the ingression of salinity from the Rann into the Banni and other fertile lands of Kachchh has over time converted the grassland into woodland. More on the Topic: This is the scheme of the Reserve Bank of India, introduced in the year 2004. It is a stunted forest growths of diverse grass species. June 2016 PDF. 2011. Current Affairs in English . Assam Wildlife and the new Biswanath Wildlife park with Brahmputra flowing in Coastal Grasslands: the coastal grasslands in India are spread over beach sand forming a thick mat-like cover. junction of India (Sikkim), bordering Nepal to the west and Tibet (China) to 85283. a legally protected wetland conservation reserve. ‘An approach for assessment of grassland using satellite remote sensing – A case study for semi arid region (Banni), Gujarat.’ In Proc. Context: The government has clarified that there is no time bar on reporting crimes related to … Continue reading "Insights Daily Current Affairs, 17 October 2018" For instance, in Saurashtra and Kachchh there are 137 reserved vidis (local term for grasslands) covering a total area of 63,292 ha. Repeated cutting resulted in thickets of P. juliflora due to its coppicing nature. 564, pP. be included in the WNBR. conditions. While the condition of reserved vidis is generally good (e.g., the Rampura grasslands in Dahod), the non-reserved vidis are in terrible condition due to mismanagement, corruption and neglect (Grassland Chapter 2009). Regional Office Bangkok. In central Banni human and livestock population decreased from 6,699 to 6,028 and 24,117 to 16,462 respectively, whereas in the eastern part the decrease was from 881 to 772 and 3,279 to 1451 respectively. Patel,  N. Gajera. Interaction with the locals and literature reviews revealed that Banni was once dominated by Acacia nilotica but exploitation of the species for timber and fuel wood coupled with the spread of P. juliflora led to its disappearance from most of Banni. Varying estimates put their population at anywhere between 25 to 40 lakh. The grazing regulations, executed through a tax locally known as Panchari, slowly disappeared after Independence and different species of livestock from other parts of the state and neighbouring states gained free entry into the area. Kaziranga protected area was established in 1904 and is located on the edge of The Gujarat State Forest Department had initially planted about 31,550 ha exclusively of Prosopis juliflora as a measure to check the advancement of the Rann in the year 1960-61. The park is home to large breeding populations of elephants, wild water These are fairly feasible and reasonable propositions without altering the  existing  land  ownership  rights  and  hinge  primarily  on  usufruct  rights  and  institutional mechanisms for managing resources jointly by the government agencies (primarily the Forest Department) and local community. Not anymore. Due to its unique aquatic ecosystem, it has been designated as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO and a National Park under the 1971 Ramsar Convention. Not anymore. Kimothi and A.K. Vegetation is double layered storey with closed canopy which hardly permits a single ray of sunlight to penetrate in the natural vegetation. The pastoral community of the Banni region contributes around Rs. Suggested read also:UPSC TOPPERS PREPARATION STRATEGY Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme. Banni 2 Why are they leaving Banni grasslands ? They are usually seen with long wooden sticks and a water pot hanging from their shoulders, moving with a herd of sheep, goat, camels or cattle. Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. The reserved vidis are managed by the Forest Department while the non-reserved vidis are given to various agencies for protection, e.g., Gaushalas and panjrapoles (trusts that maintain aged cattle), Maldhariscooperative societies, village panchayats and milk cooperatives. 85021. Banni Grasslands Reserve: I forms a belt of arid grassland ecosystem on the outer southern edge of the desert of the marshy salt flats of Rann of Kutch in Kutch District, Gujarat The Chari-Dhand wetland conservation reserve: It is located on the edge of arid Banni grasslands and the marshy salt flats of the Rann of Kutch in Kutch District, Gujarat State in India Banni: Samrudhdh Varsa ni Orakh ane Jatan. The total grasslands amounted to 12,233.50 ha, which is 2.41 per cent of the grassland of Kachchh (Grassland Chapter 2009). During the early days the rivers, which were flowing from the Kachchh mainland to Banni, were not only depositing the detritus and maintaining the soil moisture, but also leached the salinity of the area during good rainfall years. GAU. Now the total number of Biosphere reserves under MAB programme has reached to It was launched by UNESCO in 1971. ‘The grassland and fodder resources of India.’ Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi. In fact, the situation presents a unique opportunity to reclaim the grassland ecosystem while reaping enormous economic benefits. A traveller s notes: The household survey data and group discussions also reveal the preference of large sections of the pastoral community for grassland regeneration over incomes from wood-charcoal. 85351. Shrubs like Suaeda fruticosa (Lano) and Tamarix aphylla (Lai) occur abundantly all over especially in places where waterlogging occurs in pools during the rainy season and sedges occur with annual grasses around the fringes (Joshi et al. Insights has redefined the way preparation is done in UPSC civil service exam. The Great Rann of Kutch, along with the Little Rann of Kutch and the Banni grasslands on its southern edge, is situated in the district of Kutch and comprises some 30,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) between the Gulf of Kutch and the mouth of the Indus River in southern Pakistan. The Banni grasslandsused to look like an oasis in Kutch: The district’s usual dry and sandy terrain would transform into a green carpet. 85335. For over 15 years it has been studying the plant, bird and marine life in the Rann of Kutch. 1973. The Banni Grasslands, located in Kutch, Gujarat, supports the traditional graziers of this region. in the Indian subcontinent known for its scarce rainfall and semi-drought Banni is situated in Arid climate, with high temperature in most of time which reached maximum up to 48°C -50°C during May June and winter temperature goes down to 5°C – 8°C during December January. In Cluster I, the majority of respondents stated this as low (Table 1). For Mains: Sexual abuse of children- prevention and need for stringent provisions. scientific basis for the improvement of relationships between people and their K. Kathju, V. Vijay Kumar, G.A. A multitude of factors, viz. Drought: It is one of the important natural factors responsible for the degradation of the Banni grassland. Banni, the largest grassland of Asia, situated near the Great Rann of Kutch, is in the grip of a severe drought. Other than the Banni and Naliya grasslands, there are three types of grassland: Type One comprises of the grasslands on the hilly undulating area of Bhuj, Mandvi, Anjar and Mundra, spread over an area of 4,73,284.80 ha, which is 20.5 per cent of the total area of Kachchh mainland; Type Two includes the grasslands on the hilly undulating areas of Bhachau and Rapar occupying 4,35,427 ha … is Policies should recognise the opportunities to rejuvenate the local economy in the region through management of the woody invader. 1957. The Birds of Banni Grassland is book based on environment and consists of a compilation of the research work, relating to more than 250 species of birds found in the Banni area of Kutch, Gujarat. The main reasons for the degradation include increasing soil salinity, invasion of Prosopis juliflora, grazing pressures, water scarcity, desertification and climate change. After a critical analysis of the results of the present study together with the inferences of previous studies, P. juliflora can be considered as one of the most valuable tree species for the dry arid lands where nothing else grows. They are known for rich wildlife and biodiversity and are spread across an area of 3,847 square kilometres. 32 crores a year to the milk economy. This prevented overgrazing. Banni, the largest and finest stretch of grassland in India (2617 sq km) and the second largest in Asia, is located on the northern border of Bhuj taluka of Kachchh district at the westernmost end of Gujarat State (GUIDE 2011). However, in this case, the policy change needs to move a step ahead and recognize these so-called ‘forests’ as grasslands and designate them as joint management for grassland regeneration instead of forest regeneration. The rural folks whose lands are getting buried under drifting sands are grateful to the Forester and Prosopis, and the poor folk who had no fuel to burn in their hearths now have Prosopis. Liberalised Remittance Scheme. The Banni supports a total population of 16,783 people and 57,073 livestock (Dave and Dholakia 2010), which is over three times the human population. Sixteen gram panchayats on the Banni grasslands in Bhuj district, Gujarat have approached the National Green Tribunal (NGT) over the neglecting of Community Forest Rights (CFR) of the resident Maldhari pastoral community under the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. Dave, Sanjay and Utkantha Dholakia, eds. The word ‘Banni’ is derived from ‘Bannai’ from the Kachchhi language, which translates to ‘Banni hui’ or ‘made up’, signifying the land has been formed by detritus. 1. These grasslands are home to a pastoral community called the Maldhari. The Llanos grasslands have made into the biggest grasslands due to their vast area of 570,000 sq. and Shiam Kishore Seth. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company. The Banni grasslands is grassland ecosystem on the edge of the desert of marshy salt of Rann of Kutch,spread across an area of 3,847 square kilometres. Migration is primarily a strategy to optimize living conditions by moving to areas which are warmer and have more food. के अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न UPSC (FAQs), भारतीय कला The Gujarat state encompasses an arid area of 62,180 sq km, 73 per cent (45,652 sq km) of which is located in the Kachchh district of the state. Dumhal is a dance performed in Jammu and Kashmir by the Watal tribes. To sustain the grassland ecosystem and intangible biodiversity of the Banni region, some special conservation measures and management options are needed. The following decades (1981–96) saw the intensity as well as duration of severe droughts increase abruptly. The dependence of the Maldhari communities and their livestock on Banni makes it imperative that efforts are made to ensure its immediate protection, restoration and the sustainable use of the grassland. Periodic droughts and low, erratic rainfall makes for even more inconducive conditions. The least percentage of response where the severity level was high was from Region II (56.41 per cent) and Cluster I (56.10 per cent) (Table 1). In Kachchh, 39.05 per cent of the respondents had stated this as a main cause of degradation. The Banni grassland ecosystem—on the southern edge of the Great Rann—is a major grazing land for maldharis. The region is believed to have been formed due to seismic activities and marine processes operating in the north along with fluvial deposition by the Indus and other rivers during the Vedic period. The topography of the area is undulating, with depressions on the ground. 1992. August 2016 . For any queries, comments, or feedback, please contact Sahapedia at contact@sahapedia.org, By using this site, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Banni Grasslands are known for rich wildlife,biodiversity and supports numerous animal genetic resources like Banni buffalo, Kankrej Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Camel and horse. Mahajan, V. and c. Bharadwaja. Which of the following statements is/are correct about Aqua Regia? These plantations are being undertaken by the Gujarat State Forest Department (GSFD) and Gujarat Energy Development Agency (GEDA) as a form of energy resource developmen, which is usually done in the grasslands, gauchar (grassland for cattle) and other Common Property Land Resources in the villages. After driving around the Banni grasslands, it offers a decent place to eat lunch and avoid the heat of mid-day. Montane Grasslands and Shrubland - Montane Grasslands and Shrublands are a Biome which are located above the tree line and are commonly known as Alpine Tundra, which occurs in mountain regions around the World. The policy changes could, in effect, assist in the diversification of income as one of the risk aversion strategies for pastoralists. Banni Grasslands are known for rich wildlife,biodiversity and supports numerous animal genetic resources like Banni buffalo, Kankrej Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Camel and horse. Dumhal is a renowned folk dance performed by the Watal tribes of Kutch. This resulted in the invasion of P. juliflora in good soil. ... Banni grassland reserve is also located in the Kutch district of Gujarat. Within society, the maldharis are traditional dairymen, supplying essential commodities like butter, ghee, milk, wool and manure to urban towns and villages. In Gujarat, the total geographical area is 1, 96,024 sq km, of which the grasslands extend to 8,490 sq km (4.33 per cent). These grasslands are home to a pastoral community called the Maldhari. Ecorestoration of Banni Grassland. In the 1960s, the government wanted to protect this region from salinity ingress from the Rann of Kutch. Later, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has classified the grass cover of India into five major types (Dabadhghao and Shankarnarayanan 1973). Drought: Kachchh falling within the arid area faces frequent droughts, which influences the biomass production and leads to a resource crunch. It is also important to note that severe consecutive droughts, which were very rare during the early and middle part of the 20th century, occurring only twice (1904-1905 and 1968-1969) between 1901 to 1980, a span of 80 years. Brain Booster for UPSC & State PCS Examination (Topic: Zero Coupon Bonds), (Video) Rajya Sabha TV (RSTV) India's World: Relations with Nepal in COVID Era, (Video) Rajya Sabha TV (RSTV) Security Scan: Coastal Security, (Video) Rajya Sabha TV (RSTV) The Big Picture: Strengthening our Startup Ecosystems, UPPCS/ UPPSC 2021 Exam Calendar Released (यूपीपीएससी/यूपीपीसीएस 2021 का परीक्षा कैलेंडर जारी). In India, grasslands constitute about 5, 48,850 sq km or 16.6 per cent of India’s geographical area; these include arid and semi-arid grasslands occurring in eastern Rajasthan, Gujarat, Western Madhya Pradesh and parts of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab and Southern parts of Jammu and Kashmir. The Birds of Banni Grassland is book based on environment and consists of a compilation of the research work, relating to more than 250 species of birds found in the Banni area of Kutch, Gujarat. Despite tough survival conditions, Banni buffaloes are the most productive cattle in India and have recently been recognized by the National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources as the 11th distinct breed of the nation (NBAGR, Haryana). Most animal husbandry schemes in the post-Independence era promoted the Amul pattern of dairy development, which is linked to sedentary livestock-keeping and assured milk supplies. This clearly emphasizes that overgrazing is one of the main causes for the degradation of the grasslands of Kachchh. Banni grassland. In News: Indians sent more money out of the country than ever before in July 2019 under the liberalised remittance scheme (LRS), in a development that comes even as the government looks to attract foreign direct and portfolio investment. The Banni grasslandsused to look like an oasis in Kutch: The district’s usual dry and sandy terrain would transform into a green carpet. ‘Grassland Action plan for Kachchh district, Gujarat State.’ Final report by Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, Bhuj.

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